Special

Did Abu-Bakr al-Baghdadi actually die in a US military operation in Syria? Baghdadi has been killed many times before. Which the United States has announced many times. America has once again declared Baghdadi killed.

Significantly, the President of America is going to be elected very soon. President Donald Trump's condition is extremely weak and Trump is less likely to win the election this time around. Trump may lose the election this time. Therefore, Trump's declaration needs to be viewed in this context. We can consider this to be Trump's election card.

US President Donald Trump has announced at a press conference that Abu-Bakr al-Baghdadi, the fugitive leader of an extremist organization that calls himself an Islamic State, has been killed in a special operation by the US military.

At the press conference held at the White House on Sunday, Trump reported that the US military carried out an operation in Syria on Saturday night during which Baghdadi blew himself up with a suicide jacket blast.

According to information from Trump, no American soldier has been killed in the operation, but many followers of Baghdadi have been killed and some have been arrested.

Trump also said that the US military has received 'a lot of sensitive information and things' from this operation.

Donald Trump also thanked Russia, Turkey and Syria for making this operation a success.

Trump said, "Abu-Bakr al-Baghdadi has died. He was the founder of the Islamic State. It is the most violent and cruel organization in the world. America had been searching for Baghdadi for many years.

Trump said, "Capturing alive or killing Baghdadi was my government's first national security priority. The special forces of the US Army conducted a brave and dangerous operation in North West Syria at night and achieved great success. ''

"I confirm the death of Baghdadi," the US President said in his press conference held at around 9 am Sunday.

"Baghdadi blew himself up with his suicide jacket after the Special Forces raid on Saturday," Trump told reporters at the White House.

Trump said he had three children with Baghdadi, who died. Baghdadi's body was shattered in a suicide blast but his identity was confirmed by DNA tests.

Earlier, Donald Trump had said in a tweet on Sunday that 'something very big has happened'.

The place where Baghdadi was killed is far from the Idlib province of Syria. Baghdadi is believed to be hiding near the Syrian-Iraq border. Many parts of Idlib are still under the occupation of jihadis.

The US President called Baghdadi's location a 'compound' and said that he was being monitored for a few weeks.

Trump said that even before this, Military Raid had plans but they had to cancel due to their frequent shifting.

A resident of Barisha (where the operation was allegedly carried out) told the BBC that the attack took place in the area late Saturday through helicopters.

Choppers attacked two houses and one house was completely destroyed in the attack. After this, the soldiers became active on the ground.

Baghdadi was the head of an alleged Islamic state and had been underground for the past five years.

In April, a video was released by the Islamic State's media wing, al-Furqan. Al-Furaqan said through the video that Baghdadi is alive.

Baghdadi appeared for the first time after delivering a speech in July 2014 from the Holy Mosque of Mausal.

In February 2018, several US officials said that Baghdadi was injured in a May 2017 air strike.

Baghdadi became the leader of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in 2010.

Baghdadi was born in 1971 in a low-middle-class Sunni family in Samara, Iraq. The original name of Baghdadi was Ibrahim al-Oud al-Badri, but the world knew him as Al-Baghdadi.

This family was known for its piety. Baghdadi's family claims that the tribe from which Prophet Mohammad belonged is also from that tribe. This family claims to be a descendant of Prophet Mohammed.

Baghdadi was known for memorizing the verses of the Quran at a young age. Along with this, Baghdadi also had a special attachment to Islamic law.

Baghdadi was identified in the family with a fierce Islamic person. The Baghdadis used to watch their relatives very cautiously to see if Islamic law was being followed.

Baghdadi also studied religion at the university. In 1996, Baghdadi graduated in Islamic Studies from the University of Baghdad.

Subsequently, between 1999 and 2007, he received a Masters and PhD from the Saddam University of Islamic Studies in Iraq on the Quran.

As of 2004 Baghdadi lived in Bagchi near Baghdad with his two wives and six children. During this time, he used to teach verses of the Quran to the children of the neighborhood in the local mosque. Baghdadi was also the star of the football club.

Meanwhile, Baghdadi's uncle inspired him to join the Muslim Brotherhood. Baghdadi was immediately attracted to the conservative and violent Islamic movement.

A few months after the US invasion of Iraq in 2003, Baghdadi helped to form the rebel group Jaish Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamah.

In February 2004, US forces arrested Baghdadi in Faluja and were kept in the Bakka Detention Camp for 10 months. During the imprisonment, Baghdadi kept himself focused on religion. He used to teach prisoners to Islam.

According to the accompanying prisoners, Baghdadi was of an introverted nature but he kept the full news of his rivals. After coming out of incarceration in December 2004, Baghdadi made alliances with everyone he was in contact with. After exiting, Baghdadi contacted al-Qaeda's spokesman in Iraq.

That spokesman was greatly influenced by the Islamic knowledge of Baghdadi. The same spokesman persuaded Baghdadi to go to Damascus. Baghdadi was given the responsibility of spreading the propaganda of al-Qaeda here.

By abolishing al-Qaeda in Iraq, Abu-Ayyub al-Masri formed the Islamic State in Iraq. The group also had links with al-Qaeda.

Baghdadi had the ability to unify the different factions of IS due to Islamic credibility. Baghdadi started connecting people with the Islamic State.

Baghdadi was made the supervisor of the Sharia Committee. Along with this, he was also included in the 11 members of Shura Council.

Baghdadi was later placed on the IS coordination committee whose job was to establish dialogue between commanders in Iraq.

After the IS founder was killed in April 2010, the Shura Council made Baghdadi the head of the IS.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) says that the world economy is looking so sluggish for the first time since the financial crisis a decade ago.

The Monetary Fund estimates that this year the economy of the whole world will grow by only 3 percent.

At the same time, the growth rate in India will come down to 6.1 percent this year.

In April this year, the IMF had earlier talked about India's growth rate to be 7.3 percent.

Then in July, the institution reduced its estimate for India to 7 percent.

The IMF, in its latest report of the World Economic Outlook, cut India's economic growth estimate to 6.1 percent for 2019-2020.

However, the Monetary Fund has also expected some improvement in 2020-21.

IMF chief economist Geeta Gopinath said at a press conference on Tuesday that "India's economic growth rate is expected to grow by seven percent in 2020".

The IMF said in its new report "India's economic growth rate has declined due to the weakness of some non-banking financial institutions and the negative impact on consumer and small and medium-sized businesses' ability to borrow."

Geeta said that the Indian government is working to improve the economy, but India will have to rein in its fiscal deficit.

According to the IMF, the reason for the constantly decreasing growth rate is the weak domestic demand.

The IMF forecasts economic growth for China this year at 6.1 per cent and 5.8 per cent in 2020.

China's economic growth rate in 2018 was 6.6 percent.

According to the IMF, the global growth rate will be only 3 percent this year but it is expected to be 3.4 in 2020.

The IMF also said, "The global economy is in a phase of sluggishness and we are once again reducing the growth rate of 2019 to 3 percent, which is the lowest since the decade-ago crisis. ''

This is lower than its July global growth rate estimate. In July it was reported to be 3.2 percent.

The IMF said, "The decline in economic growth rates is the main reason behind the decline in manufacturing and global trade, increase in import taxes and demand for production."

The IMF said that to deal with this problem, policy makers would have to end trade barriers, resume work on agreements, as well as reduce tensions between countries and end uncertainty in domestic policies.

The IMF believes that due to the slowdown in the global economy, growth rate in 90 percent of the countries of the world will be less this year.

The IMF said that the global economy could grow to 3.4 percent in 2020.

However, it has also warned of many dangers for this growth as it depends on the economic recovery in India as well as the economy of Argentina, Turkey and Iran currently facing severe crisis.

Geeta said, "Any wrong policy at the moment, such as no-deal Brexit or deepening trade disputes, can cause serious problems for development and employment generation."

According to the IMF, in many cases, the greatest priority is to remove uncertainty or threats to development.

Senior Congress leader P Chidambaram and former finance minister on Tuesday surrounded the government once again on the state of the economy saying, "If the good economy takes one side then the Modi government on the other side."

Chidambaram is currently lodged in Tihar Jail in Delhi in a corruption case. He congratulated Indian-origin economist Abhijeet Banerjee for winning the Nobel Prize and said that we should pay attention to what he has said about the Indian economy.

The Indian rupee fell 31 paise to a one-month low on Tuesday due to more dollar purchases amid concerns related to trade talks between the US-China.

However, the decline in crude oil prices by almost half a percent and the rally in the stock market have helped to reduce the damage.

On 15 October 2019, the rupee fell 31 paise or 0.44 per cent to close at 71.54 against the dollar in the Indian stock market. It had earlier closed at Rs 71.78 per dollar on 17 September.

The change in US military policy in Syria is being said to cause a huge uproar. The US has decided to call in its troops from north-eastern Syria.

However, US President Donald Trump's decision is contrary to the thinking of Pentagon officials, who wanted a small number of American troops to exist in north-eastern Syria. The Pentagon wants the US campaign against Islamic State in north-eastern Syria to not end.

It is being said that this step of America will increase the influence of Russia and Iran in Syria. In this area, the United States along with the Kurds has been campaigning against the Islamic State. On the other hand, Turkey calls Kurdish forces as terrorists. Turkey has long wanted the US to stop cooperation with the Kurds.

The Kurdish fighters have been part of the Syrian Democratic Forces, or SDF, and the faction has been America's most trusted partner against the Islamic State in Syria.

US officials say President Trump has spoken directly to Turkish President Rechep Tayyip Ardoan. Turkey can carry out military operations against the Kurds in Syria, but it is not yet clear how large its scope will be.

If the Turkish army collides with the US-backed Kurds, there can be a lot of reversal in this area.

In December last year, Trump announced the summoning of his troops from Syria but withdrew following protests within the country. America's Europe allies were not happy with Trump's decision.

Soner Cagpte, director of the Turkish Research Program at the Washington Institute, is the author of the book 'Ardiance Empire: Turkey and the Politics of the Middle East'.

He said in a telephone interview with the New York Times, "Turkey will make its presence in Kurdish-controlled Syrian territory without attacking the US, invading northern Syria." In such a situation, Ardoan can send thousands of Syrian refugees here and they will claim that they are also involved in Trump's policies in Syria. This is a significant progress. ''

It is also feared that Turkey may attack Kurdish fighters there under its guise. But Trump has threatened to destroy his economy if Turkey does so.

The White House said on Sunday that President Trump had allowed Turkish forces limited operations along the Syrian border. The United States has said that this operation of Turkey will keep the Kurdish forces supported by the US separate. Syrian experts are criticizing the White House decision.

They say that the release of the Kurds from the United States may expand the scope of the Syrian crisis that has been going on for eight years. It is also possible that the Kurdish Syrian government may come with Bashar al-Assad. Bashar al-Assad's army is ready to fight Turkey.

Reuben Gallego, a Democrat representative of Arizona and part of the Navy in the Iraq War, tweeted that Turkey's knock in northern Syria would prove to be a step destabilizing the Middle East.

He tweeted, "After this, the Kurds will never trust America. They will look to the new ally so that they can ensure their independence and security. ''

The US announcement is shocking for the SDF. A statement issued by the SDF said that this decision of the US would shock the fight and peace against the Islamic State.

Turkish President Ardoan is seeking a safe zone 300 miles east of the Turkish-Syrian border. They want this area for 1 million Syrian refugees.

These refugees are currently in Turkey. Ardoan has threatened that if international support is not found, he will start sending these refugees to Europe. Ardoआनan wants Syrian refugees to go back now.

The US and Turkish military have been working together since early August. They were also patrolling the 75-mile area of ​​the 300-mile border area.

US-backed Kurdish forces retreated several miles and destroyed their fortifications as well. For Ardoan this progress is still insufficient. Last week, he indicated that Turkey could attack in the border areas.

It is not yet clear what will help the US in this operation for the Turkish Border American Force? According to the New York Times, there are one thousand American soldiers in northern Syria and there are a total of 60 thousand Kurdish fighters with them.

Many experts believe that the US will not be able to get out of Syria again. Turkey is a major member of NATO but Kurdish has been a partner in the US fight against the Islamic State.

An American official told the New York Times on condition of anonymity, "We are neither going to support the Turks nor the SDF." If they fight amongst themselves, we will be completely different. ''

In December 2018, US Secretary of State Jim Mattis resigned after ordering the withdrawal of all 2000 troops from Syria.

However, Turkey is looking at the whole affair in a very different way. There is an understanding in Turkey that there is no consensus between President Trump and military officials on this issue.

Ardoan also traveled to America with Syria. Ardoan attended the group dinner party organized by President Trump. Trump had said that Ardoan had become his friend. However, a private meeting could not be held between the two.

Turkey, once the center of the Osmani Empire, has a population of 20%. Kurdish organizations allege that their culture identity is being suppressed in Turkey. In such a situation some organizations have been doing a partisan struggle since the 1980s.

Professor Mukhtar Khan of the University of Delaware, USA, says that to understand this matter one has to go into history.

He explains, "Turkey has two racial identities - Turks and Kurds. The Kurdish population is around 20 percent. They were demanding cultural freedom before but now they have been demanding independence for many years. They want to create Kurdistan."

If we look at the map of the Middle East, there is a part where the Kurds live in the south-east of Turkey, the north-east of Syria, the north-west of Iraq and the north-west of Iran.

Sunni Muslims are Kurds, but their language and culture is different. Professor Mukhtar Khan states that the Kurds demand that they also have the right to create a separate Kurdistan on the right to self-determination of the United Nations. It is worth noting that the US attacked Iraq in 2003. Since then, Kurdistan has been functioning almost as an independent nation in northern Iraq.

Professor Mukhtar Khan at the University of Delaware, USA says, "Turkey is frightened to be almost a nation of Kurds, Kurdish fighters from above have got weapons from the US to fight against IS. May the Kurds become so powerful that they can combine the conquered part of the Islamic State in Syria with Kurdistan in Iraq to form a large Kurdish nation. If that happens, there will be threat for Turkey.''

Turkey also had this concern before. Initially, when the US wanted to cooperate with the Kurds against IS, Turkey also opposed it. In such a situation, there is a fear that as soon as the US withdraws its forces from Syria, Turkey will act there and destroy the Kurdish areas and take away the land under their control.

Can America ban India? India is going to buy missile system S-400 from Russia. But US officials say that if India buys this missile, then the US can ban it.

Indian Foreign Minister S Jaishankar, who visited the US, had said that he thought he would convince the US for the deal, but on the same day, the US Ministry of External Affairs told The Hindu newspaper via email that any such deal was made by India There can be trouble and the United States can ban it.

In this email, a spokesperson for the US State Department wrote, "We appeal to our allies to refrain from entering into any deal with Russia that would result in them being banned under the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA)." There is a danger of getting engaged. ''

These restrictions will apply to every country that violates the US CAATSA law.

In the case of Russia, this law of the United States prevents countries that deal with Russia in arms.

The US Parliament passed this law in 2017 after Donald Trump came to power.

Ever since this law came into force on 2 August 2017, there has been speculation in India as to how this will affect India-Russia's defense relations, especially the potential purchase of the S-400 missile system.

Earlier, the US banned the Equipment Development Department and its directors of the Central Military Commission of China under this law. These restrictions were imposed on China because it had purchased SU-35 aircraft and S-400 systems from Russia.

The S-400 is a long range surface to air missile system to be built in Russia. The Indian government wants to buy.

The S-400 is considered to be the world's most effective air defense system. It has stand-off jammer aircraft, airborne warning and control system aircraft. It will destroy ballistic and cruise missiles even before they hit the target. The S-400 can be carried anywhere by road. It can be deployed within five to 10 minutes.

Defense analysts believe that the arrival of the S-400 will increase the strength of the Indian Air Force. But Russia has already given S-400 to China. Now Russia has contracted to supply S-400 to India. Russia can also give S-400 to Pakistan as Russia now has a good relationship with Pakistan.

The Indian government has asked for five S-400 systems from Russia for the Indian Air Force. India has contracted to supply the S-400 system with Russia.

No official announcement has been made as to how much India will have to pay for this defense system. But some reports have stated that India will have to spend more than $ 5.4 billion for this.

As soon as the first installment of this missile system is repaid, US sanctions may apply to India.

One way to avoid these restrictions is that the President of the United States should give India a discount.

But American officials have been saying continuously that India should not think that it will get this exemption automatically. America will decide what to do?

Section 235 of CAATSA mentions 12 types of restrictions. If India deals with Russia, then the President of the United States can impose five or more of these restrictions on India. like -
- The one who is banned will not be given loan.
- The export-import bank will not get any assistance to export any goods where it is banned.
- Which is banned, the US government will not take any goods or services from there.
- No person associated with it will be granted a visa.

Ten of these restrictions will not have much difference in Indo-US and Indo-Russian relations. But two restrictions can have a big impact on mutual relationships.

One of these is that 'banking transactions will be banned'. So that India will not be able to pay Russia in US Dollars for S-400.

The second ban will have a profound effect on Indo-US relations. Under this, 'export ban' will be imposed. Meaning that the United States will not import anything from it, nor will it license it.

These two sanctions will severely affect the strategic and defense partnership between India and the US.

Britain's opposition Labor Party passed an emergency resolution on Kashmir on Wednesday, asking party leader Jeremy Corbyn to let international observers into the area and demand the right of self-determination of the people there.

Representatives of the Indian community criticized it, calling it 'based on wrong ideas' and 'misleading information'.

Meanwhile, India has criticized the proposal of Britain's Labor Party seeking international intervention on the Kashmir issue.

India's Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Ravish Kumar called the Labor Party's move a 'vote bank interest'.

The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has asked India to cease its operations in Kashmir.

The Organization of Islamic Cooperation, an organization of Muslim countries, discussed the Kashmir issue during a meeting on the sidelines of the 74th session of the United Nations General Assembly on Wednesday.

The OIC requested India to abide by the UN Security Council resolutions following its decision to cease operations in Kashmir and New Delhi's withdrawal of special state status from Jammu and Kashmir.

The Foreign Ministers of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) Contact Group on Kashmir discussed the removal of Article 370 of the Government of India from Jammu and Kashmir and divided the state into two union territories. The meeting was held on Wednesday, off the 74th session of the United Nations General Assembly.

In a press release issued later, the organization expressed concern over the human rights situation in Kashmir.

He also discussed restrictions on communication in Kashmir.

Currently, OIC consists of 57 countries.

Meanwhile, Turkish President Rechep Tayyip Ardoan on Tuesday raised the issue of Jammu and Kashmir at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and appealed to hold talks between India and Pakistan to resolve the dispute.

Till now Turkey is the only country which has raised the issue of Kashmir in UNGA. This is not the first time Turkey has said anything on Kashmir. Earlier on August 6, the Turkish Foreign Minister had expressed concern over the repeal of Article 370 and said it could "exacerbate existing tensions".

Rechep Tayyip Ardoan said on Tuesday that the international community had failed to pay adequate attention to the Kashmir conflict where it has not been resolved for 72 years.

Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan on Tuesday thanked Turkish President Rechep Tayyip Ardoan for raising the Kashmir issue in the General Assembly.

The drone attack on the world's largest oil plant has led to a spurt in oil prices. This is the fastest boom in the last few decades and has threatened a new conflict in the Middle East.

But its effect is being felt till several thousand kilometers away.

On Saturday 14 September, several drones were attacked in Saudi Arabia's Baqiq oil plant and the Khuras oil field. The attack adversely affected Saudi Arabia's total production and 5 percent of the world's oil supply.

The Houthi rebels of Yemen have claimed responsibility for the attack.

India imports around 83 percent oil. India is one of the largest importers of oil in the world.

Most of the crude oil and cooking gas in India comes from Iraq and Saudi Arabia.

He used to import more than 10 percent of his oil from Iran.

However, in the beginning of the year, after the US broke out of the nuclear deal, it put pressure on India to stop buying oil from Iran.

India also imports from other countries like USA, but at higher prices.

BJP spokesperson and energy expert Narendra Taneja said, "India has two major concerns. First, we believe that Saudi Arabia is a very reliable supplier. India sees Saudi Arabia as the safest supplier in the world."

But the way these attacks were carried out, it seems that Saudi plants are no longer as safe as before. This has worried other big importers like India.

"Secondly, the economy of India and the people here are very sensitive to prices, so today there is more concern about the price."

In addition, the price of oil has increased drastically following the drone attack in the global oil market. Prices have risen for the first time since the Iraq invasion of Kuwait. There was no such upheaval in the prices of crude oil in the last 28 years.

Saudi Arabia has not yet fully responded to the attack. So, we do not know what is going on in the minds of Saudis? Will they answer in a military manner? If so, this would increase tensions in the region, disrupting supplies from the entire Gulf region, including Iraq and Iran.

So there are many untold questions, which are yet to be answered.

2/3 of India's demand is met by this region and any kind of tension will have a negative impact on India.

If you look at the fastest emerging economies and their dependence on imported oil. No one is in a weak position like India in terms of dependence on imports and all these upheavals will definitely affect India.

It will now depend on how long the production is interrupted. Saudi Arabia says it will take a few days to fix the plants. But if it takes more time, it will affect oil prices further and it may increase the cost of imports in India.

The Indian government is already going through a bad phase in terms of economy and if prices rise then India's difficulties will also increase.

If the prices of crude oil increase globally, then the prices of petrol and diesel will also increase. If the price of fuel increases, it will affect many industries including manufacturing and aviation, it will increase inflation.

Crude oil by-products are used in products like plastics and tires, these things will also become more expensive.

The rising prices of oil also affect the currency. If the dollar price of crude oil increases, India will have to buy more dollars for that same oil. This will reduce the value of the rupee against the dollar.

Further weakness has already been seen in India's stock market. Fearing further damage to the economy from rising oil prices, it declined for the second time in a row.

Madan Sabnavis, chief economist at Care Ratings Ltd, says, "The government will not be able to do much right now. It can supply from the reserves we have, which can help for about a month. If the crisis persists, it will pay taxes." "But it will affect the revenue and then the fiscal deficit. But as long as the price remains below $ 70 per barrel, this setback can be endured."

The Government of India has become increasingly concerned about China's decision to end Kashmir's special status. China has expressed its opposition through separate statements over the last four weeks.

On August 5, the Bharatiya Janata Party-led Government of India abolished Article 370 giving semi-autonomy to the then Jammu and Kashmir state.

After this, a law was passed and the state was divided into two union territories.

One of these union territories is Ladakh. China has control over a part of it and claims this entire area.

China Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Khwa Chunying used strong words about India's decision.

She said, "China has always opposed the Indian takeover of China's territory in the western sector of the Sino-India border. There has been no change in our strong and consistent position."

Khwa Chunying went on to say, "By changing its law, India has recently continued to ignore China's territorial sovereignty. This approach is unacceptable and will not materialize."

Meanwhile, senior BJP leaders in India welcomed the move with nationalist statements. Some leaders expressed the hope that the part of the region which is under the control of China and Pakistan will also come to India.

These leaders included Aksai Chin, a region of Ladakh controlled by China, and Pakistan's Kashmir, which India calls "Pakistan-occupied Kashmir" or "PoK".

India Today magazine quoted Union Minister of India and senior Bharatiya Janata Party leader Giriraj Singh as saying, "200 percent sure that PoK and Aksai Chin will also be reunited with the country very soon."

Regarding Ladakh, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said, "The Indian government's declaration of making Ladakh (which includes China's region) a union territory has challenged China's sovereignty and it has violated the agreement between the two countries to maintain peace and stability in the border region.''

On the Kashmir issue, Khwa Chunying said, "China's position on the Kashmir issue is clear and uniform. Even internationally, it is agreed that the issue of Kashmir between India and Pakistan is pending from the past."

China has been saying that the Ladakh region, including Aksai Chin, is part of a border dispute that has not been decided yet.

Currently, Aksai Chin is included by China in its Xinjiang region and considers it extremely important. The reason is that through this, there can be movement of troops between Xinjiang and Tibet.

China does not recognize the Simla Agreement. This agreement was signed between Tibet and the British administration of India in the year 1914. In which Ladakh is recognized as being a part of India.

China says that this treaty was not made with the then Chinese government and therefore it is invalid.

Wang Yi said, "India's move is not acceptable to China and this will not change China's position in the sovereignty and administrative juridiction of the region."

The Global Times, a newspaper controlled by the Chinese government, wrote, "When India's Home Minister Amit Shah loudly claims that India wants to rule the Xinjiang Weigar Autonomous Region of Northwest China, it shows a sense of enmity against China.''

Quoting Zhao Gancheng, a research fellow at the Shanghai Institute for International Studies, the Global Times wrote, "China will retaliate strongly if India advances its irrational claims and provokes us with military action."

India's foreign ministry has responded to China's criticisms. The Ministry of External Affairs says, "The formation of the new Union Territory of Ladakh is an internal matter of India."

India's Home Minister Amit Shah said in Parliament, "The people of Ladakh have been demanding for a very long time, to give the region the status of Union Territory, now they will be able to fulfill their aspirations."

India has also been saying that China's claim on Aksai Chin is illegal and is a violation of the Simla Agreement.

This dispute has been further compounded by China's close ally and India's rival Pakistan. Pakistan had handed over a part of Trans Karakoram to China in the year 1963. This area is close to Aksai Chin. India calls Pakistan's move illegal.

Reiterating India's position on the matter for a long time, Amit Shah said in Parliament, "Kashmir is an inseparable part of India. There is no doubt about it. When I talk of Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan occupied Kashmir and Aksai Chin also comes in it.

He is also following what China has said. Pakistan's request was held in a closed-door meeting of the UN Security Council. Pakistan has a dispute with India over Kashmir.

Just a few days before this meeting, India's External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar visited Beijing. According to the Global Times, he had said using the compromised language, "Amending the Constitution of India will not create a new claim to sovereignty. It will not change the Line of Control in the Kashmir region (on the Pakistan border) and the Line of control on the border of China-India will not change.

Pakistan has long been trying to internationalize the Kashmir dispute. The United Nations meeting appears to be an effort in that direction. India opposes making the issue an international matter.

But opinion was divided in this meeting. According to reports, Russia supported India. At the same time, Britain supported China in the demand that a public statement be issued after the meeting.

Apart from China, the remaining four permanent members of the UN Security Council asked India and Pakistan to resolve their disputes in a two-way manner.

Eventually, the meeting ended without issuing any statement. However, China and Pakistan later issued statements on their behalf. After this, India also issued a statement.

India's Gross Domestic Product i.e. GDP in the first quarter of FY 2019-20 has been weaker than the corresponding period of the previous year.

Data for the first quarter of 2019-20 has been released. According to which the economic growth rate is 5%. The growth rate during the same quarter of the previous financial year was 8 percent.

At the same time, the growth rate was 5.8 percent in the last quarter of the last financial year.

According to economist Vivek Kaul, this was the slowest quarterly growth in the last 25 quarters and the lowest during the Modi government.

Experts say that the pace of growth in the country's economy is slowing down. This has been happening for the last three years.

He says that the rate of growth in many sectors of industries has reached the lowest level in many years. The country is moving towards recession.

The Indian economy grew at a slower pace in the second quarter. So, with the slowdown in the growth rate of the economy for the second consecutive quarter, should we assume that we are moving towards economic recession?

Mumbai-based Vivek Call, an expert on economic affairs, says there has been a slowdown in the growth rate of India's economy, but it will not be called recession. He says, "The recession means negative growth for two consecutive quarters. India's economy has slowed down but there cannot be negative growth."

According to NITI Aayog Deputy Chairman Rajiv Kumar, the decline in growth rate in the first quarter of the year ending in June should not mean that the country's economy has fallen into recession.

He says, "There are many reasons for slow growth in India, among which the slowness in all the economies of the world is a big reason."

Rajiv Kumar says that the fundamentals of India's economy are strong. He says, "The Finance Minister announced several steps last week that will have a positive impact on the mood of investors and customers. We are entering the festive season and we hope to see a growth rate by the second quarter. ''

What is the Definition of Recession? This is a thorny question on which experts are still not completely unanimous.

Technically, India's economy has grown in slowdown for the second quarter in a row, ie the growth race has been declining for six consecutive months but if the growth rate increases in the next three quarters of this financial year then it will not be called a recession.

Are there various forms of recession? Absolutely. The economy may shrink for two consecutive quarters, but then recover in the next two quarters of the financial year, then growth will actually increase for the entire year.

In Western countries, it is called a mild recession. If there is a complete decline in economic growth on a year-to-year basis, it can be called a severe recession.

This also leads to depression, ie negative growth for years.

The greatest crisis in the American economy came in the 1930s, which is remembered today as the Depression. Depression has inflation, unemployment and poverty at its peak.

Economic experts say that the economy may also suffer from psychological depression.

According to Vivek call, if the customer becomes alert and postpones the purchase, then it will reduce the demand, due to which the economic growth rate may decrease. If inflation starts rising and there is an atmosphere of uncertainty, then people feel that they are living in recession.

When did the recession come in India? The biggest crisis in the Indian economy came in 1991 when the country's foreign exchange reserve for imports was reduced to $ 28 billion. Today this amount is 491 billion dollars.

There was a global recession in 2008-09. At that time India's economy grew at a rate of 3.1 percent which was lower than in its earlier years but according to Vivek Call India was not a victim of recession at that time also.

The Reserve Bank of India has decided to pay $ 24.8 billion or about 1.76 lakh crore rupees as dividend and surplus capital to the Modi government.

It is being claimed that this will help the Modi government in curing the critical condition of public financial institutions. But the opposition Congress party is pointing fingers at the Modi government in this matter.

At a press conference on Tuesday, former Union Minister and senior Congress leader Anand Sharma said, "The RBI board, together with the recommendation of the Jalan Committee, transferred Rs 1.76 lakh crore to the Government of India. All this was a plus." The risk buffer ie CRB has been transferred to RBI. In this, all the earnings of RBI's 2018 and 2019 were given to the government.

Anand Sharma further said, "A few days ago the committee head Vimal Jalan said that this money will be given within four-five years. That money was given in one place instead of four-five years. It was for that situation when there is an economic crisis on the country. This confirms the deep crisis on India's economy. The money that is being given to the government was for emergency. "

But at the same time, concern is also being raised about the autonomy of the Reserve Bank of India. Last year, the then RBI Governor Urjit Patel and the Modi government had disagreed at the policy level and Patel resigned before his term ended.

Vivek Dahejia, Professor of Economics at Carlton University, Canada, told the Financial Times on the RBI's decision, "The central bank is losing its executive autonomy and becoming a means to fulfill the greed of the government." The activities of RBI are monitored.

"This will weaken the credibility of the Reserve Bank," he said. Investors who are looking towards India will say that RBI is completely under government control. I don't think it's good for the economy. ''

In a statement issued on Monday, the RBI said that in the last financial year, total income of $ 17.3 billion and surplus amount of $ 7.4 billion i.e. Rs 1.76 lakh crore is going to be handed over to the government. The Reserve Bank said that the transfer is under the New Economic Capital Framework which has recently been accepted.

A committee was formed under the chairmanship of former RBI Governor Vimal Jalan and the same committee recommended the New Economic Framework. The recommendations of this committee have been accepted by RBI.

RBI has agreed that it will give the entire income of the last financial year to the government. A dispute arose with the Reserve Bank in October last year over the use of safe money.

The then Deputy Governor of RBI, Viral Acharya, warned the government that if the government increased its intervention at the policy level in the RBI, it would have very bad consequences. Viral Acharya had said that the government wants to get the money secured with RBI.

Two months later, Urjit Patel resigned from RBI. After this, the Modi government made Shaktikanta Das the governor.

Senior journalist Paranjoy Guha Thakurta, who deeply understood the ups and downs in the economy from the BBC when Shaktikanta Das was made governor, said, "The day Shaktikanta Das became RBI governor, it was clear that whatever the government would like the RBI to do. Have to do it.

"Shaktikanta Das has been an IAS officer and worked as a spokesperson in the Ministry of Finance," says Thakurta. When demonetisation took place, Das supported. Shaktikanta Das was studying history at St. Stephen's College, Delhi. Das has worked as a government official. It is very important to have money with the Reserve Bank because if there is anything in the foreign market, the rupee will be weak. Government figures are already questionable. This matter has also been raised by the former Economic Advisor of the Modi government.

The government is under pressure due to the weakness in the Indian economy. The Indian currency rupee has crossed 72 against the US dollar. Economic growth rate has not picked up pace in the fourth consecutive quarter. But the question still remains whether Modi will be able to strengthen the economy by taking money from RBI. The government has failed to achieve the target of tax collection.

The RBI pays dividends to the government every year on the basis of its investment income and printing of notes. For the last few years, the finance ministry was seeking a larger payment from the RBI.

The Reserve Bank says that it has more money than needed, which is why the government has given such a huge amount. It is said that there was a dispute between former RBI Governor Urjit Patel and the government about this.

The Vimal Jalan committee had recommended that RBI should have 5.5 to 6.5 percent of its balance sheet. Earlier this amount was 6.8 percent. The government aims to reduce the 2020 budget deficit to 3.3% of GDP.

India's Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman had said last week that the government would soon inject 700 billion rupees into government banks. India's banking sector is going through a period of crisis.

Viral Acharya came into the limelight as the deputy governor of RBI on October 26, 2018, when he heard the Modi government scandalously accusing the RBI of compromising autonomy. His speech took place exactly three days after the Reserve Bank board meeting.

In his nearly one-and-a-half-hour speech, he said that governments that do not respect the autonomy of their central banks have to face the brunt of financial markets sooner rather than later.

That address by Acharya was seen as a ruckus in the relationship between the RBI and the Modi government.

Indeed, shortly before this speech there were differences of opinion between the government and the Reserve Bank on several issues. For example, the government wanted a reduction in the interest rates, and was advocating to give more cash to the non-banking finance companies, ie NBFC, and also wanted the RBI to give some part of its reserves to the government.

Security forces have opened fire on demonstrators as thousands of people took to the streets of Srinagar to protest against India's stripping of the region's autonomy, local sources have told Al Jazeera.

The protests in the main city of Indian-administered Kashmir took place after Friday prayers, Al Jazeera's Priyanka Gupta said, reporting from the Indian capital, New Delhi.

"Despite the unprecedented security lockdown, thousands of people demonstrated in Srinagar and were met with live fire, tear gas and rubber-coated steel bullets," she said, citing sources in the city.

The protest was the "largest of its kind" since the Indian government's move on Monday.

Al Jazeera's Priyanka Gupta reports live from New Delhi.